Energy
Test – Study Guide
A. Energy is the ability to do work. Work is what is
required to put an object in motion.
B. Potential Energy is stored energy. Be able to describe chemical, elastic and gravitational
potential energy in real-life situations like a pendulum, roller coaster,
food/fuel, and rubber band or spring.
C. Gravitational potential energy depends
on the height of an object and its weight. The more massive the object and the height of the object
will determine the amount of potential energy.
D. Kinetic Energy is energy of
motion. The faster an object moves
and the heavier an object is, the more KE it has. As an object falls is gains kinetic as it loses
potential. Energy is transformed. Kinetic energy depends upon mass and
speed.
E. The Law of Conservation of Energy says
that energy cannot be created or destroyed, it only changes form. Be able to apply this law to the roller
coasters we build in class, to Rube Goldberg machines, and to how a pendulum
moves, and also to explain why the pendulum CAN’T hit you in the face if you
let it go from the tip of your nose.
F. Using
the Law of Conservation of Energy,
describe how energy changes form given a certain scenario like Sun -→ Plant --→ Person -→Marathon Run. Radiant Energy from the Sun transforms into Chemical
Potential Energy (stored energy) which the person eats (Chemical Energy) to
transform into Mechanical Energy and Thermal Energy.
G. Know how to find and label maximum and minimum potential and kinetic
energy on a diagram of a roller coaster or pendulum.
Types of Potential Energy
Gravitational
Chemical
Elastic
Electrical
(Stored in a battery or cloud)
Nuclear
Magnetic
Types of Kinetic Energy
Mechanical
(Elastic)
Chemical
Thermal
Electrical
(Movement of electrons – lighting a light bulb or lightning)
Sound
Electromagnetic
(Light, UV light, Microwaves, Radiowaves)
**Study BOTH
review assignments!!!
